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John Oswald Forsyth 1882 - 1955

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• Birth	16 Dec 1882	Rosewall, Ryde. Ryde Reg No 15930/1883
  Gender	Male
  Died	19 Aug 1955	Earlwood. Campsie Reg No 18135/1955
  Person ID	I0418	Forsyth Tanners
  Last Modified	10 Jan 2018

  
  

  Father	John Rosewell Forsyth,   b. 6 Jan 1842, 17 William St, Harper St, New Kent Rd, Newington, England. ,   d. 6 Mar 1928, Ryde Reg No 4151/1928
  Mother	Eliza Turner,   b. 15 Apr 1844, NSW Reg No V1844488 28/1844 ,   d. 20 Jun 1909, Ryde Reg No 6999/1909
  Married	5 Sep 1866	Crown St, Methodist Church, Sydney
  Family ID	F138	Group Sheet

  
  

  Family	Sophia Laing,   b. 13 Feb 1880, Newtown Reg No 6073/1881 ,   d. 4 Feb 1964, North Sydney Reg No 14720/1964
  Married	23 Jan 1908	31 Spencer St, Summer Hill. NSW. Ashfield Reg No 857/1908
  Children	1. Hazel Laing Forsyth,   b. 13 Dec 1908, Mosman NSW. Mosman Reg No 5833/1909 ,   d. 1 Jul 1992   2. Bruce Laing Forsyth,   b. 10 May 1911, Vladivostock, Siberia ,   d. 15 Feb 1968, Ashbury. Newtown Reg No 14761/1968
  Family ID	F156	Group Sheet

  
  

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  John Oswald Forsyth

  
  

• Notes

  The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) Wednesday 20 December 1882 p 1 Family Notices FORSYTH. - December 16, at her residence, Rosewall, Ryde, the wife of Mr. John Forsyth, of a son. Both doing well. FORSYTH John Oswald Death notice 19AUG1955 Death late of Earlwood Sydney Morning Herald 22AUG1955 The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) Tuesday 24 October 1905 p 7 Article ??????????? John Oswald Forsyth ????????? IN BANKRUPTCY. HEARING OF CREDITORS' PETITION. Bank of New South Wales v John- Forsyth, fruitgrower. Gladesville. Adjourned to November 6 on application of respondent's solicitor. The Southern Record and Advertiser (Candelo, NSW : 1910 - 1938) Saturday 15 April 1916 p 2 Article Prohibition in Russia Mr. John Forsyth, of Ryde, has received the following interesting letter from his son, Mr. J. O.Forsyth, dated Vladivostock, February 6. Mr. Forsyth has resided in Russia for some years. His letter should settle the question as to whether there is prohibition in Russia or not : ? 'Dear Dad, ? It would please you to see how strictly enforced the prohibition is throughout Russia. For instance, an acquaintance of mine had an exemption from military service on account of being manager for large works that were fulfilling Government contracts. One day he was removing from his country to his town residence a few bottles of wine in a portmanteau. At the Vladivostock Railway Station his bag was opened by a special excise officer who found the wine. He was arrested and given three months' imprisonment. After coming out of the Court under police arrest, he was taken from the police by the military authorities and sent direct to the firing line, as they considered that he was no longer manager of the works fulfilling Government contracts and therefore liable far military service. If he comes back from the war he will then have to serve his three months' imprisonment. 'Jolly hard luck.' But it shows you the manner in which the Russian Government is enforcing temperance. All railway porters when carrying bags from trains put the bags on their shoulders and listen for the gurgles of bottles in the bags ; they tip the wink to the excise officers, and before you know where you are your bag is opened. And Government official found with wine or other intoxicants are dismissed from the service with the loss of all rank and imprisonment. Remember, all these regulations were brought in at less than 24 hours' notice, so people had no chance to get in a supply. This enforced temperance has made an enormous difference to the Russian working man. Pre-war days he was a low-down dirty beast, thinking of nothing else but eating, sleeping, and getting gloriously drunk. Holidays to him were only intended for 'tanking up' as early as possible, and recovering two or three days later. Now he is a respectable man with more money than he knows what to do with. The old drunken days of Russia have gone never to return. A drunken man now is a novelty ; in the pre-war days drunken men or beggars were the orders of the day. The only beggars now are the infirm and refugees from the war zone. ? Yours, etc,, 'J. O. FORSYTH.' The Sydney Stock and Station Journal (NSW : 1896 - 1924) Friday 7 June 1918 p 3 Article The Vladivostock Strike A letter published by the "Daily Telegraph" from Mr. J. O. Forsyth, who represents some engineering interests in Vladivostock and has been in Siberia for nearly 11 years, shows how Vladivostock "put one over on the Bolsheviks." The trouble arose through the Soviet arresting the executive of the Customs Artel, which is "an organisation of guaranteed workmen responsible for the safety of cargo while in the precincts of the Customs?from the time it leaves "the ship's slings until it is delivered on the carts." This action of the Bolsheviks caused a strike, a strike engineered, by the whole community of Vladivostock, and the employees were paid and fed while they were out on strike! "The Vladivostock Chamber of Commerce and the community generally met, and elected a committee to demand the release of the Artel. The local legal authority, the Mayor's Zemstvo, was told that unless the men were liberated within 48 hours all business houses would close their doors. The 48 hours having expired, on March 5, "the whole of the business life of the port came to a standstill, and the movement was given wholehearted support by the Japanese and Chinese, who closed their businesses and shops, down to the cabbage dealers and cobblers. On March 11 the Soviet decided by 17 votes to 15 to give way on all demands, and on the morning of the 12th all business was resumed." '"As you are aware," says Mr. Forsyth, "the Soviet?the council of the Workmen and Soldiers' Deputies?has seized the power of the country, dispersed the Constituent Assembly, and governs on behalf and in the interests of only the working-class, by which it is elected. The recognised authorities are the Zemstovs and municipalities, but the Soviet, with its Red Guards, make their authority nil. In Vladivostock they have been hampered by the presence of foreign cruisers. and the more smoke the latter belch from their funnels the more effect they have on the Bolsheviks. But in spite of the smoke, and encouraged by the inaction of the Allies, they began to feel their way step by step until they reached the position where they arrested the Artel." Mr. Forsyth sees one good result from the Bolsheviks propaganda."These men," he says, (the Bolsheviks) "in their fanatical madness are being made use of by Germany, but in placing the Germans yoke on Russia they are making Russian patriots, and the lack of patriots has been Russia's tragedy up to date. The Germans have a hard row to hoe in Russia, and in the end Slavdom will eat the Teuton." The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers Advocate (Parramatta, NSW : 1888 - 1950) Saturday 25 May 1918 p 6 Article WILL YET EAT THE HUN. Mr. J. O. Forsyth, son of Mr. John Forsyth, J.P., of Ryde, who has been in Siberia almost the whole of the past 11 years as a representative of certain engineering interests, gives an interesting account of the way Bolshevikism has spread throughout Russia, where the Soviet (the council of the workmen and soldiers' deputies) governs the country in the interests solely, of the working class. The Bolsheviks, he writes, are being made tools of by the Germans, but the placing of the German yoke on the country has raised Russian patriots, and in the end Slavdom will eat the Teuton. The Daily Telegraph (Sydney, NSW : 1883 - 1923) Tuesday 29 October 1918 p 5 Article CLEARING SIBERIA. ORDER OUT OF CHAOS. "The way is now open almost from Vladivostok to Petrograd." In these words Mr. John Oswald Forsyth, son of Mr. John Forsyth, of Ryde, sums up the operations of the Czccho-Slovaks and Allied forces at September 10. Mr. Forsyth. who is located at Vladivostok, is connected with the Ministry for Information in Siberia, and is chairman of the sub-committee for the distribution of Red Cross supplies to the army in Siberia, while his wife is In charge of the tea rooms for the troops. Graphically he describes how he was awakened one morning by the tramp of marching soldiers? the Czecho-Slovaks on their way to fight on the French front. "Later we had some 15,000 Czechoslovaks in Vladivostok ? keen follows, officers and men as brothers, a democratic, brotherly army. They had suffered all sorts of indignities in crossing Siberia. But they turned on their tormentors, and, without arms, attacked the Bolsheviks wherever they met them. The Czechs were in bands of 500 or so, stretched across from Samara to Vladivostok, some 4000 miles. Everywhere they defeated the Bolsheviks they set up local governing bodies. The White Guards rushed to their assistance, and now, within two months, Siberia has been cleared of Bolsheviks and their German allies from Vladivostok to the Voledgn. "The Bolsheviks are not Socialists. They are now, since Socialists are classed as black legs, outcasts and reactionaries. You can only compare the Bolshevik with an I.W.W. in the last stages of insanity. The vile deeds these wild beasts have been guilty of are beyond imagination. Loud- voiced agitators prey on their illiteracy. Most harm had been done by I.W.W. men and anarchists from U.S.A and Australia. I have met some of the latter, and God save Australia from their return. "British troops were first to come to the assistance at the Czcehs, and have now taken Volodga. "Hobarovsk the capital of this province, was taken by the Japanese and Cossacks last Monday: the German and Magyar prisoners are running to their own concentration camps; the Bolsheviks have been dispersed like rabbits. "We have now a High Commissioner, Sir Charles Elliot, at Vladivostok, and a British general. General Knox." Tweed Daily (Murwillumbah, NSW : 1914 - 1949) Saturday 27 December 1919 p 4 Article VLADIVOSTOCK. Depressing Conditions. Life in Vladivostock was described last week by Mr. John Forsyth, who recently returned from Siberia. Mr. Forsyth's son (Mr. J. O. Forsyth) is in business at Vladivostock as agent in Eastern Siberia and China for Messrs. Brunner, Mond, and Co., soda merchants. "When I left Vladivostock late in September," said Mr. Forsyth, "the conditions - were depressing. Thousands of refugees were arriving there from the back country, and they had to be housed and provided for somehow. All over the area, which embraced the former Russian fortifications, wattle and daub huts were springing up for the refugees, who were also being billeted in private houses. But for the supplies of fish which were obtained from the waters at Vladivostock, and rice, a large percentage of the people would starve. Fabulous prices are charged for everything. -The wharfs are stacked with machinery, wattle bark, and materials for tanning, because there are no means to transport them to their destination. "Vladivostock is at present under the Omsk Government, and there are thousands of Japanese, American, French, Szeck, and British troops affording what protection is required against the revolutionary element. The value of the rouble, which was originally worth 2/2, had fallen tremendously. I was able to purchase 500 of these for one sovereign in English money." The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) Wednesday 31 December 1919 p 9 Article REVOLUTION. GRIM STORY FROM RUSSIA. SYDNEY MAN'S TERRIBLE EXPERIENCE. A graphic description of the horrors of revolution has been sent from Vladivostock by Mr. J. O. Forsyth, who represents a prominent British commercial house in that city and in Manchuria. Writing to his father, Mr. John Forsyth, of the Great Northern-road, Ryde, under date of November 19 last, he says:?"I wish the people who advocate revolution in Australia and teach their children to sing revolutionary songs could see a revolution in progress as we saw it here on the 17th and 18th last, and the after-effects as I saw them yesterday afternoon, the 18th, soon after the fighting was over. Only a vampire could wish for more of it, and surely a vampire would get sick of the horrible sight of men lying in their own blood, killed by their own people, and the killers looking on, not with sympathy but hate. I saw some sights yesterday afternoon which were disgusting, but they were nothing compared with what is going on in other parts of Russia?and what for? All the butchery and pain to enable one party or the other to have political power. The Right bayonet and shoot the Left, and the Left bayonet and shoot the Right?or, as you would have it in Australia?the Liberals bayonet and shoot the Labour and the Labour bayonet and shoot the Liberals. One side endeavouring in vain to keep the other down, and the other endeavouring to put the other side in the same place. How crude and ignorant all this in when it is only necessary that the Right should recognise that an evolution is taking place, and they must reconcile themselves to have their advantages, privileges, etc., shared with their less fortunate brethren. Yesterday's frightfulness was actually caused by the offended dignity of General Gaida, a man who had cut his way through Siberia with a brave band of unarmed Czechs, defeating army after army of well armed Bolsheviks, who, to assist him in regaining his dignity, and to hurt those who hurt him, called to his aid a lot of poor ignorant workmen, who were probably Bolshevik idealists and men against whom he had probably fought. His loss of dignity was played on by some political adventurers, members of the first Siberian Government, who were after the spoils of office, and found it was not difficult to persuade the young general, still under 29 years of age, to undertake the adventure which has cost so many valuable lives. To-day he and his companions are prisoners, if most of them have not been shot already, and a few hundred of their followers were until this morning lying frozen still where they had fallen. THE ALLIES INACTIVE. "For some days there has been this political agitation going on more or less openly, and on the morning of the 17th it had reached such a pitch that the workmen?or rather a small percentage of them who had sufficient faith in General Gaida?were armed, and at 12 the preparations of the Government in power became so ominous that a signal of six shots was fired from the railway station to begin. From then on till 6 a.m. on the 18th the railway station was a centre of hell itself. I tried to get down to my office to give instructions for safeguarding the property and the people living there, but armed Government patrols blocked my way. At evening as darkness was falling, the fighting became furious, and to make matters worse a terrible gale accompanied with rain, started. This, with the rattle of machine guns, quick firers, and rifle shooting, completed the picture of hell on earth. At dark the Russian warships started shelling the station and General Gaida's armoured train. This should have been immediately stopped by the allied warships (American, French, Chinese, and Japanese?our British protector having been withdrawn), as the shooting endangered the lives of the residents in the vicinity, but the Allies have decided on non-intervention in Russia to satisfy public opinion at home, consequently hundreds of lives were lost, and a mass of agony suffered simply because public opinion in the British Empire and America does not recognise that the Allies could stop all the bloodshed and agony in a few weeks by taking active measures, and that they could keep order by threatening to shoot the agitators both left and right. They would probably have to shoot more right than left, as the upper class will not recognise that Russia as a whole is a socialistic nation?not Bolshevistic, as this is only a small minority and composed mostly of criminals and lunatics, supported by Chinese and Leftish mercenaries, who are shooting workmen and socialists as the old Czar regime never knew how to do. The Czar was a child compared with Lenin and his Jew colleague Trotsky. NO WOUNDED LEFT. "At midnight the rain, wind, and fighting became worse, and in the midst of it a fire broke out. The fire brigade was lucky enough to pass the scene of battle during a lull in the firing, but had to return by a round-about way, as neither side had the decency to respect the brass helmet. At 4 a.m. the fighting again got very hot, and from 5 to 6 a.m. on the 18th the climax arrived, and after 6 only isolated shots were fired as straggling parties were being rounded up. In the afternoon I went with Colonel Young, Chief of the Canadian Red Cross, to look for wounded under railway cars, where they might have crawled for shelter. The Colonel wanted an interpreter, so I went with him, and I was glad, as I wanted to see the aftermath of a revolution. I have seen it bankrupt a country in every way, but I wanted to see its effect on the bodies of men. At the railway station I saw enough to satisfy any glutton. On the third-class staircase were the bodies of 15 men?one colonel, one captain, and 13 soldiers?deserters from the Government troops?who were taken prisoners and placed on these stairs and shot at till they all dropped. In other parts of the station were men lying in their own blood and out on the street in front of the station were five men, who were left lying there all day with the curious mob to gaze on them. In the station yard we found many frozen bodies, some half covered with snow, which had been falling since about 10 a.m., but not one wounded man did we find. I suspect that some of the troops had go there before us and finished the few lives that we went to save. Civil war is a merciless war, with no mercy tor either side. We looked in trucks, drains, and every conceivable place where a wounded man might crawl for shelter, warmth, and to hide. It was bad enough for healthy men to be walking about in the blizzard, but it must have been frightful for anyone who was wounded. I have come to the conclusion that the referendum is somewhat superior to such a revolution. If anybody talks revolution in Australia they should be bundled out of the country immediately, or be shown continuous moving pictures of the consequence of a revolution. The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) Tuesday 15 February 1921 p 8 Article RUSSIA TO-DAY. RICH, BUT BANKRUPT RUINED BY "GO-SLOW" SYSTEM. TRADE WITH AUSTRALIA. Mr. John Oswald Forsyth, who returned to Sydney by the Eastern, has spent over 12 years in Russia, where be has commercial interests, and proposes to return there with his wife and family after a stay of two months in Australia. Meantime he will, he states, give his attention to the export trade from Siberia of raw. materials, mainly linseed and timber, and the export trade from Australia of nearly every kind of manufactured article. Declaring that he loves the people of Russia and their country, Mr. Forsyth, when interviewed, yesterday afternoon, was unsparing in his criticism of the turn of affairs since the revolution. "The tragedy of Russia," said Mr. Forsyth, "is the reduction of output-the refusal to work on the one hand and the slowness of work on the other. The Bolsheviks are now introducing compulsory labour. They realise that output and efficiency must be increased if Russia, already centuries behind other countries, is to be saved from falling back to the dark ages,. Russia has proved that unless a country works efficiently she must collapse and her people must suffer. I have met many of the Bolshevik leaders, and found them serious-minded men, who appeared to be honest in thought and action. There are, of course, dangerous extremists and impostors; but they are soon found out, as Bolshevism is a test of sincerity. The fact that Bolshevism is a product of a theoretical Russian mind is sufficient to prove it unworkable for a practical world. While affirming that he had not lost faith in the Russia he knew so well and liked so much before the revolution, he spoke in a very gloomy way of the present bankrupt condition of that country, Trade, he said, was at a standstill, despite the efforts of the Radical Government officials, who were working, so to speak, from dawn to midnight. The Government had declared a monopoly on all raw materials. All exporters would now have to obtain their supplies from the Government through their selling agents -one of the large co-operative societies, This was bound to be unworkable, owing to the overhead charges being beyond those of any commercial, house. Up to the present no scheme had been worked out, and the whole matter of exports was being investigated. All private concerns which were being run by the workmen, he said, were bankrupt. This was due to the overhead charges and the small output. The one-time prosperous volunteer fleet was now unable to raise even £500, and the employees had received no wages for months. The Naval Arsenal, now being operated on a commercial basis, had one clerk or official for every workman. It looked as if years would pass before modern methods were introduced. Still it was easier to get business attended to, or put through or refused now than it had been under the Czar or the Koltchak regime. "There is a good opportunity for trade," Mr. Forsyth went on to say, "but Russia, I fear, will not be an El Dorado for some years. It is necessary to exercise caution in business affairs at present. Many American firms who opened on a large scale after the revolution are now in liquidation. Still, Russia is tremendously rich, and her resources have not yet been tapped. Her timber forests are still virgin; her gold is lying in shallow river beds, awaiting dredges; she has 90 per cent, of the known platinum deposits of the world, and she has coal on her seaboards and throughout the hinterland. With energy and efficiency Russia might start a new life of prosperity. The Bolsheviks appear to be working towards this end." Mr. Forsyth, who is a son of Mr. John Forsyth, of Rosewall, Ryde, was born at Ryde, and was an engineer after he left school. For several years he was one of the Parramatta Lancers, under General Charles Cox and Colonel Sir James Burns. Fourteen years, ago Mr. Forsyth went on the old steamship Adelaide to Vladivostok as chief refrigerating engineer, the vessel having been purchased in Australia by a firm of Russian merchants to carry a cargo of frozen meat. The frozen meat experiment was so successful that Mr. Forsyth was induced to remain and erect refrigerating machinery at Harbin, in Manchuria. Later he built a large store for the Russian and Asiatic Bank at Vladivostok. He then went into commercial life. At the outbreak of war he offered his services "In any capacity" to the British Ambassador at Petrograd, and was told that he would be of more value in commercial life than as a fighting man. During the revolution he looked after British and American interests in the Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Forsyth's business is now carried on in the eastern provinces of Siberia, with Vladivostok as his headquarters. The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) Thursday 9 March 1922 p 7 Article COMMISSIONER IN CHINA. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Sir,?Mr. C. Spurgeon Medhurst, in his article in your issue of to-day, claims that the Federal Government has erred in appointing Mr. E. S. Little our Trade Commissioner. Mr. Medhurst admits that Mr. Little has all the ability necessary, with the exception of Australian birth. Whilst recognising the necessity of appointments to such posts being filled by Australians, in this instance our trade can be left with safety in the hands of Mr. Little. I have known Mr Little intimately for the past ten years, and spent quite a lot of my time with him in Sydney. Mr. Little, during his visit to Australia last year, studied the Australian industries and social conditions. He is a great believer in Australia and our future. He assured me that he is heart and soul one of us, and when his term is up intends to make his home here. A great deal of the agitation against our Trade Commissioner is propaganda aimed to confuse him by those interests in Shanghai which he opposed when he took a magnificent stand as leader of the Shanghai Ratepayers Association against the opium combine and the proposal to sell the Shanghai municipal trams to a private company. I am, etc, J. O. FORSYTH. March 8. The Labor Daily (Sydney, NSW : 1924 - 1938) Wednesday 9 September 1925 p 6 Article TOOLS AND RENT R. D. BRAMSTON SUED John Oswald Forsyth, of 62 Pitt Street. Sydney, obtained a verdict in the District Court yesterday, against R. D. Bratnston, of Coralie, Bellevue Road. Arncliffe, for £51/10/. being £20 for tools in blacksmith's shop, 4 Ultimo Road, and £31/10/ rent paid by plain tiff on defendant's behalf. Defendant pleaded non-indebtedness, also that in regard to the rent that he agreed to rent the promises at 22/6 weekly upon condition that plaintiff transferred to him a lease of them for 4½ years, which he represented he had. The tools he agreed to buy for £10, subject to the lease being transferred to him, but plaintiff had not the lease as he represented. Defendant also alleged that he had agreed to pay half the cost of the transfer of the lease and £7 as a bonus for the lease. Mr. H. B. Bignold (instructed by Messrs. Maedonell and Moilltt) appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. R. Sproule (Instructed by Mr. H. R. Hunt) for the defendant. Mirror (Perth, WA : 1921 - 1956) Saturday 18 October 1930 p 5 Article HARD ON MRS. HEN! SYDNEY, To-day. "Every fifth egg a hen lays goes to the State," says Mr. J. O. Forsyth, one of W. M. Hughes' Australian Party candidates in the N.S.W. elections. The Maitland Daily Mercury (NSW : 1894 - 1939) Friday 26 August 1932 p 5 Article SELL TO RUSSIA! Big Wool Purchaser MERCHANT'S VIEW SYDNEY, Friday. Giving evidence before the Wool Inquiry Committee to-day, John Oswald Forsyth, a merchant of Sydney, declared that Australia could sell Russia £5,000,000 worth of wool per year. In the two recent seasons, he said, we sold Russia wool valued at £6,059,790, yet Australia never purchased more than £250,000 worth of Russian goods in any one year. He advocated a trade agreement with Russia, and under that agreement Australia would export goods to Russia, to the extent, of £10,000,000. J. W. Harrop urged the creation of 'future' markets for wool in Australia. Northern Star (Lismore, NSW : 1876 - 1954) Saturday 27 August 1932 p 7 Article Trade Agreement With Russia is Advocated SYDNEY, Friday. Giving evidence before the Wool Inquiry Committee to-day, John Oswald Forsyth, merchant, of Sydney, said that Australia, could sell Russia £5,000,000 worth of wool a year. In two-recent seasons, he said, Australia sold Russia wool valued at £6,059,790, yet Australia never purchased more than £250,000 worth, of Russian goods in any one year. He advocated a trade agreement with Russia and claimed that under such an agreement Australia could increase her exports to the Soviet to £10,000,000 a year. Barrier Miner (Broken Hill, NSW : 1888 - 1954) Monday 29 August 1932 p 1 Article FEDERAL WOOL INQUIRY Some Proposals By Graziers RUSSIAN TRADE SYDNEY, Friday. Giving evidence before the Federal wool committee to-day, Mr. John Oswald Forsyth, merchant, of Sydney, said that if the Federal Government would make some arrangement to trade with Russia on a limited credit system, such as that operating in Great. Britain, it would benefit Australia to the extent of £5,000,000 a year. Mr. Forsyth said the Russian wool buyers were withdrawn from Australia early in 1930 owing to anti-Russian propaganda. In reply to the chairman, Mr. Gunn, Mr. Forsyth said that he was not in the wool trade now. He was not an agent of the Russian Government, but he had resided in Russia, and knew the wealth of the market. Mr. T. J. A. Fitzpatrick, grazier, of Junee, suggested the imposition of a ½d or a 1d. a bale on all wool sold to create a fund for the establishment of a vigilance committee to report on values. If something was not done to maintain values or to keep them up, he said, there would be "the devil's own crash." In his opinion it cost 10½d. a lb. to produce wool, without interest. Mr. Alfred Mallick, grazier, said that the forthcoming auctions should be curtailed, and a reasonable reserve, say, 14d., placed upon the wool. The Commonwealth Government should enter the wool market and purchase £5,000,000 worth. This could be held for later sales or be shipped to the London market, and would create excellent competition. The world could not do without Australian wool. The manufacturers in Britain and Europe could not afford to close up their factories and let their millions of employees be thrown idle. The inquiry was adjourned.